Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs) in tap water



Associated with various types of cancer as well as reproductive and developmental issues
- Chloroform (Trichloromethane).
- Bromodichloromethane.
- Bromoform (Tribromomethane).
- Dibromochloromethane.
Trihalomethanes can be ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. TTHMs are associated with various types of cancer as well as reproductive and developmental issues. The greatest exposure to TTHMs tends to come from drinking water.
DBPs vary based on a variety of factors including water quality as well as the disinfectants used to treat water. The U.S. EPA has set Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) for TTHMs, HAA5, chlorite, and bromate to regulate the volume of these DBPs found in U.S. drinking water supplies. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) set allowable levels of TTHMs, HAA5, chlorite, and bromate to regulate the volume of these DBPs found in bottled water.
Affinity Filtration Technology Product
1.EWG Tap Water Database. Total trihalomethanes (TTHMs). https://www.ewg.org/tapwater/contaminant.php?contamcode=2950. Accessed April 1, 2021.
2. CDC. Biomonitoring Summary: Disinfection By-Products (Trihalomethanes). https://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/THM-DBP_BiomonitoringSummary.html. Accessed April 1, 2021.
3. U.S. EPA. National Primary Drinking Water Regulations. https://www.epa.gov/ground-water-and-drinking-water/national-primary-drinking-water-regulations#Byproducts. Accessed April 1, 2021.
4. Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection. TTHM in Drinking Water: Information for Consumers. https://www.mass.gov/service-details/tthm-in-drinking-water-information-for-consumers#:~:text=What%20are%20TTHM%3F,the%20water%20into%20the%20air. Accessed April 1, 2021.
5. WHO. Trihalomethanes in Drinking-water. https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/chemicals/THM200605.pdf. Accessed April 1, 2021.
6. IARC. Monographs On The Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans: List of Classifications.https://monographs.iarc.who.int/list-of-classifications. Accessed April 1, 2021.
7. NTP. Report on Carcinogens (ROC), Fourteenth Edition: Chloroform. https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/content/profiles/chloroform.pdf . Accessed April 1, 2021.
8. NTP. Report on Carcinogens (ROC), Fourteenth Edition: Bromodichloromethane. https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/content/profiles/bromodichloromethane.pdf. Accessed April 1, 2021.
9. U.S. FDA. Small Entity Compliance Guide: Bottled Water and Residual Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts. https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/small-entity-compliance-guide-bottled-water-and-residual-disinfectants-and-disinfection-byproducts. Accessed April 1, 2021.